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Section 4: Study design
Chapter 4.15 Monitoring and evaluation
Research Methods for Health EDRM
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- Section 4: Study design
- Chapter 4.15 Monitoring and evaluation
- Chapter 4.1 Basic principles in designing studies to assess the effects of interventions
- Chapter 4.2 Measuring the problem: Basic statistics
- Chapter 4.3 Cluster randomized trials
- Chapter 4.4 Collection and management of good quality data
- Chapter 4.5 Advanced statistical techniques
- Chapter 4.6 Health-related risk modelling
- Chapter 4.7 Evaluating economic impacts in health emergency and disaster risk management
- Chapter 4.8 Geographic information systems
- Chapter 4.9 Real-time syndromic surveillance
- Chapter 4.10 Using logic models in research and evaluation of Health EDRM interventions
- Chapter 4.11 Researching communication and communicating research in Health EDRM
- Chapter 4.12 Qualitative research
- Chapter 4.13 Addressing complexity through mixed methods
- Chapter 4.14 Natural experiments in a hazard context
Authors: Hung H, Chan GKW, Chan EYY.
Chapter 4.15 describes key factors in the development of studies that focus on monitoring and evaluation (M&E) of health emergencies and disaster risk management (Health EDRM) interventions, including:
- Meaning and significance of M&E.
- Existing M&E frameworks in DRR and health.
- Methodologies for Health EDRM M&E studies.
- Challenges in developing Health EDRM M&E studies.
What is this chapter about?
It is important to know the effectiveness of Health EDRM interventions, which could be evaluated through Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) studies. The design of M&E studies, in the face of potential methodological, practical, and ethical challenges, have to be both rigorous and feasible in emergency and disaster settings.
This chapter describes the important role of M&E research and provides an overview of some of the available frameworks for M&E related to health and disaster risk reduction programmes. It sets out choices that have to be made when developing a M&E study and concludes with a discussion of the major challenges.
Case studies presented in the chapter:
- South Africa Disaster Management M&E Framework
- Mixed methods quasi-experimental study of outcomes of a largescale multilevel economic and food security intervention on HIV vulnerability in rural Malawi
- Heat wave plan for England
- Example of participatory action research: The World Trade Center evacuation study
What are the key messages of this chapter?
- M&E studies can be used to demonstrate the effectiveness of Health EDRM interventions and be instrumental in providing evidence and justifications for sustainable resource allocation.
- The M&E framework chosen by a researcher will determine the study focus during data collection, analysis and interpretation of its findings.
- Randomized trials might not be practical for some Health EDRM M&E studies and quasi-experimental designs are increasingly used.
- In conducting M&E studies with quasi-experimental design, measures must be taken to minimize bias and ensure the internal and external validity of the study, and findings must be interpreted in light of the specific context of the study.
- The poor availability of high-quality data and the selection of indicators are two major challenges for M&E studies in Health EDRM.